heamatology:-anemia

anemia:-

its the clinical condition in which oxygen carrying capacity of the person  decreased when compared tosame sex and age

  • tiredness/fatigue
  • pale
  • rbc count is reduced
  • Hb count is reduced or altered
symptoms:-

  • pale
  • fatigue
  • breathlessness
  • immunity is reduced
  • physical fitness is reduced
clinical classification:-

  • nutritional anemia-occurs due to deficiency of nutritive substancefor erythropoiesis
    • protein deficiency-kwarshivkar,marasmus
    • irondeficiency anemia
    • vit b12  deficiency 
    • megaloblstic anemia-due to deficiency of malnutrition ,intrisic factors called folic acid 
  • hemolytic anemia-anemia due to excessive hemolysis which is not compensated  by increased RBC production.
    • sickle cell anemia-inherited blood disorder  its caused due to the replacement of glutamine by valine over the 6 the positon of beta  globulin chain.
    • thalassemia -inherited disorder due to abnormal heamoglobulin it is  two types
      • alpha occurs in feotal life
      • beta
        • major and minor
    • hemorragic anemia-excessive loss of anemia eg acute and chronic
  • aplastic anemia :-due to disorder of red bone marrow,it is replaced by fatty tissues.causes:-repeated exposure to the  xray ,tuberculosis,viral infection
morphological classification:-
it depends upon size and color of the RBC 
-size is determined by mean corpuscular volume.
color:-meancorpuscular heamoglobin

  • normocytic normochromic anemia-thalassemia
  • microcytic hypochromic anemia-iron deficiency anemia
  • macrocytic anemia-megaloblastic -vit b12 deficiency




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