gait cycle part 1

 translatory progression of the body as a whole by translatory and rotatory motions of different  body segments.

-the head body trunk constitutes 75% of total body weight.

-with head and arms constituting abount  25% of body weight

-and trunk constituting the remaining 50% 

major tasks of gait:-

-maintain the support of the head arms and trunk that is preventing  collapse of the lower limb.

-maintainance of of upright posture and balance  of the body 

-control of foot of trajectory to achieve safe  ground clearance and gentle heel or toe landing.

-absorption of mechanical energy for shock absorption and stability.

phases of gait cycle:-

gait has been i sdivided in to  a number of segments rthat make it posible to describe analise  and understood  the events that are occurs.

-a gait cycle spans two successive events of same limb.

-in a weight bearing subtalar joint maintained in a pronated position.

can create medial rotation  on the force on the leg that may influence the knee and hip joint 

too many rotation  of the leg can influence the subtalar joint too

phases of gait cycle:-

during one gait cycle  each extremity passes though 2 major phases 

1)stance phase -some part of the foot in contact with the floor ,this makes up about  60 % of the cycle

2)swing phase -foot is not in contact  in th floor ,this makesup to remaining 40%of the gait cycle

events in stance phase:-

1)initial contact -heel strike 

in normal gait the heel is the initial point contact with the ground and refered toas heel strike 

-in abnormal gait it is possible for the whole foot or the toe rather than the heel to make initial contact

2)foot flat 7%-

it occurs at approx 7% of the  gait cycle foot flat in normal gait occur after initial contact with the ground 

3)mid stance  30%

it occurs usually about 30 % of gait cycle mid stance is the point at which the body  weight is directly over the supporting lower extremity 

4)heel off 40%

it occurs normally about 40% of agait cycle heel off in the point at which the heel of the reference extremity leaves the ground.

5)toe off 60% 

instant at which toe of the foot leaves the ground.