Capsule and ligaments
-the capsule of the ankle joint is fairly thin and especially weak anteriorly and posteriorly
-therfore the stability of the ankle joint depends on ligamentous structure
Crural tibiofibular interosseus ligament :-
It supports the proximal and distal tibio fibular joint
Ii )medial collateral ligament/deltoid ligament
-it is fan shaped
-it has superficial and deep fibers that arise from the borders of the tibial malleoliand insert in a continuous line on the talus and calcaneous distallly and posteriorly.
-the deltoid ligament is extremely strong which partially accounts the relative low frequency injury to this ligament.
iii)lateral collateral ligament :-
It is composed of there distinct hands that are commonly referred to as separate ligaments
-anterior talo fibular ligament
-posterior tallofibular ligament
-calcaneofibular ligament
-the anterior and posterior ligaments run in a fairly horizontal position where as the longer calcaneofibular ligament is vertical.
-in contrastto medial collateral ligamnetand lateral collateral ligament controls the inversion and supination of the ankle and talus.
-the components of lateral collateral ligament weaker and more susceptible to injury than those of medial collateral ligamnet
-in addition to the MCL and position of the extensor and peroneal retinaculum also contribute to the stability of ankle joint.
-inferior hand of superior peroneal retinacuolum which the close and parallel to calcaneo fibular ligament appear to reinforce that ligament
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